WP OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this WP is to define one or several biorefinery concepts, which may be commercially attractive for the production of biofuels and other valuable bio-based components. An important aspect of the concept development is to ensure that waste materials and heat are utilised in an optimum way, minimising energy and material loses.

WP ACTIVITIES
Waste water management will simulate the water and energy flows. The main objective is to quantify the potential of reducing the consumption of water and heat. The target is a reduction in heat and water use compared to conventional systems of at least 50% and 75% respectively.

Simulation of anaerobic digestion of waste water for energy generation will analyse and verify the potential of integration of a waste water digestion system in order to provide process energy to the refinery concepts.

Solid waste management will optimise the use of solids for power generation by applying low temperature gasification of solid waste,

Engineering integration aims at integrating characteristics for the various unit operations, by modelling energy and mass balances for the various process steps, into process configurations representing possible future biorefinery concepts.

Simulation of photobioreactor energetically integrated into process plant will be concerned with simulation of a photobioreactor (PBR) integrated into the biorefinery to use the energy from the plant to provide for temperature control. Furthermore, this will reduce the CO2 emission from the plant, as the CO2 is used as a valuable nutrition for growth of algae and hence the production of algal oil.

Simulation of the utilisation of by-product heat from the power plant in the biorefinery will clarify the availability of the by-product heat from the power plant in order to process the microalgae to desired products. Unit operation in this respect may be drying and fractionation.

WP EXPECTED RESULTS
The expected result from this WP is knowledge concerning the optimum manner of combining and integrating unit process operations and process trains to be able to produce biofuels from sustainable sources at a commercially competitive cost by maximising the value of the by-products. The knowledge will be expressed by developed techno-economic models for various biorefinery concepts. The deliveries from this work package will be further used on cost assessment and evaluation of environmental and sustainability aspects.